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Topic
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What to Learn
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Nouns
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• Subject-verb agreement with intervening phrases and clauses
• Identify common and proper nouns
• Form plurals ending in f, fe, o, y
• Use plurals correctly (f, fe, o, y endings)
• Singular and plural possessives
• Form singular and plural possessives
• Identify and correct errors in plural and possessive nouns
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Pronouns
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• Proper case of pronouns
• Reflexive and intensive pronouns
• Pronoun number and person
• Pronoun-antecedent agreement (including indefinite pronouns)
• Identify pronouns and antecedents
• Subject vs object pronouns
• Compound subjects and objects with pronouns
• Possessive pronouns
• Relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, that
• Identify vague pronoun references
• Identify possible antecedents
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Verbs and Phrasal Verbs
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• Transitive and intransitive verbs
• Main and helping verbs
• Linking verbs, predicate adjectives, and predicate nouns
• Modal verbs and their functions
• Subject-verb agreement (including compound subjects)
• Irregular past tense review
• Simple past, present, and future tense review
• Correct inappropriate tense shifts
• Progressive tenses (form and use)
• Past tense vs past participle
• Perfect tenses (form and use)
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Adverbs
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• Use of linkers: firstly, then, later, finally
• Position of adverbs
• Identify adverbs
• Relative adverbs
• Adjective vs adverb usage
• Comparative and superlative adverbs
• Conjunctive adverbs and transitions
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Adjectives
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• Later, latter, last, latest
• Elder, eldest, older, oldest
• Commonly confused adjectives
• Some, any, little, few
• Comparative and superlative forms
• Change degrees of comparison without altering meaning
• Order of adjectives
• Adjective vs adverb distinction
• Irregular forms: good, better, best; bad, worse, worst; well, badly
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Articles
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• Use of a, an, the
• Omission of articles
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Prepositions
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• Placement of prepositions
• Simple prepositions (at, by, from, etc.)
• Compound prepositions (across, beneath, beyond, etc.)
• Phrasal prepositions (according to, because of, despite, etc.)
• Prepositions of time, place, direction, and relation
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Conjunctions
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• Conjunctions: as, because, so, and, but, though, if, although, when, before, until, unless
• Coordinating conjunctions
• Subordinating conjunctions
• Correlative conjunctions (identify and complete pairs)
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Tenses
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• Tenses to express time, sequence, state, and condition
• Identify tenses
• Simple present tense (statements and questions)
• Simple past and past perfect tense
• Present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous
• Change sentences into past continuous
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Punctuation
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• Punctuation, capitalisation, and formatting
• Commas in compound and complex sentences
• Commas with direct address, introductory words, interjections, interrupters
• Commas with coordinate adjectives and non-restrictive elements
• Use of dashes
• Correct capitalisation errors
• Capitalising and formatting titles
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Jumbled Words
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• Sentence formation from jumbled words
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Passive and Reported Speech
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• Introduction to active and passive voice
• Passive voice in simple present tense
• Subject-verb agreement in active and passive voice
• Introduction to direct and indirect speech
• Reported speech in different sentence types
• Reporting verbs
• Tense changes in indirect speech
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Integrated Grammar
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• Organise and structure thoughts in writing
• Write meaningful sentences in logical sequence
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Short Composition (Notices and Messages)
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• Writing notices and messages clearly and correctly
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Composition Based on Visual Stimulus and Letter
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• Short compositions based on pictures
• Letter writing
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Comprehension (Prose and Poetry)
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• Reading and understanding prose and poetry
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Spoken and Written Expression
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• Write simple messages and invitations
• Short paragraphs
• Formal and informal letters
• Applications
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